ISSN: 1949-162X
All wheat production totaled 2.04 billion bushels in 2014, down 5 percent
from the revised 2013 total. Area harvested for grain totaled 46.5 million
acres, up 3 percent from the previous year. The United States yield is
estimated at 43.8 bushels per acre, down 3.3 bushels from the previous year.
The levels of production and changes from 2013 by type are winter wheat,
1.38 billion bushels, down 11 percent; other spring wheat, 601 million
bushels, up 12 percent; and Durum wheat, 57.1 million bushels, down
2 percent.
Oat production is estimated at 70.5 million bushels, up 9 percent from the
revised 2013 total but represents the fourth lowest production on record.
Yield is estimated at 67.8 bushels per acre, up 3.7 bushels from the
previous
year. Harvested area, at 1.04 million acres, is 3 percent above last year.
This is the third lowest acreage harvested for grain on record.
Barley production is estimated at 180 million bushels, down 17 percent from
the revised 2013 total. Average yield per acre, at 73.4 bushels, is up
2.1 bushels from the previous year and represents a record high for the
United States. Producers seeded 2.98 million acres in 2014, down 16 percent
from last year. Harvested area, at 2.46 million acres, is down 19 percent
from 2013.
This report was approved on September 30, 2014.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Joseph W. Glauber
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
James M. Harris
Contents
Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United
States: 2012-2014…….. 6
Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United
States: 2012-2014….. 8
All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014.. 10
Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States:
2012-2014…………………
…….. 12
Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production –
States and
United States:
2012-2014…………………
…….. 14
Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States:
2012-2014…………………
…….. 15
Wheat Production by Class – United States:
2012-2014…………………
Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class – States: 2013 and
2014……………………..
Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class –
States: 2013 and 2014…… 17
Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States:
2010-2014…………………
Rye Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United
States: 2012-2014…….. 19
Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production
in Domestic
Units – United States:
2013-2014…………………
20
Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production
in Metric
Units – United States:
2013-2014…………………
20
Crop
Comments………………….
……………… 21
Statistical
Methodology……………….
……….. 23
Information
Contacts………………….
……….. 24
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Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
———–
: Area planted 1/ : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: 1,000 acres
:
Alabama …….: 60 60 50 15 20
15
Arkansas ……: 12 11 12 7 7
8
California ….: 230 150 110 25 15
10
Colorado ……: 55 55 45 6 12
9
Georgia …….: 60 50 60 20 18
20
Idaho ………: 70 70 70 15 15
15
Illinois ……: 30 40 35 20 25
25
Indiana …….: 15 20 20 5 10
10
Iowa ……….: 130 220 145 58 60
55
Kansas ……..: 105 100 85 30 20
15
:
Maine ………: 29 28 32 28 26
31
Michigan ……: 50 50 50 35 30
40
Minnesota …..: 190 240 230 135 105
125
Missouri ……: 20 30 25 8 14
13
Montana …….: 45 50 45 18 22
16
Nebraska ……: 75 150 90 18 25
20
New York ……: 70 75 55 50 46
40
North Carolina : 40 35 33 13 13
17
North Dakota ..: 200 225 235 110 135
115
Ohio ……….: 70 50 55 46 25
39
:
Oklahoma ……: 75 60 60 10 7
10
Oregon ……..: 35 30 30 19 13
18
Pennsylvania ..: 100 95 90 65 50
60
South Carolina : 28 20 21 15 9
10
South Dakota ..: 160 260 250 50 120
100
Texas ………: 500 450 450 75 40
45
Utah ……….: 30 40 20 3 5
3
Virginia ……: 11 10 10 4 2
3
Washington ….: 15 20 25 6 5
5
Wisconsin …..: 220 255 255 130 105
140
Wyoming …….: 30 31 30 6 10
7
:
United States .: 2,760 2,980 2,723 1,045 1,009
1,039
——————————
———–
See footnote(s) at end of table.
–continued
Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United
States:
2012-2014 (continued)
——————————
———–
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: ———- bushels ———- ——– 1,000 bushels
——-
:
Alabama …….: 55.0 60.0 65.0 825 1,200
975
Arkansas ……: 80.0 73.0 90.0 560 511
720
California ….: 90.0 80.0 100.0 2,250 1,200
1,000
Colorado ……: 70.0 65.0 60.0 420 780
540
Georgia …….: 53.0 60.0 54.0 1,060 1,080
1,080
Idaho ………: 65.0 73.0 91.0 975 1,095
1,365
Illinois ……: 76.0 69.0 80.0 1,520 1,725
2,000
Indiana …….: 70.0 71.0 74.0 350 710
740
Iowa ……….: 65.0 66.0 64.0 3,770 3,960
3,520
Kansas ……..: 33.0 42.0 56.0 990 840
840
:
Maine ………: 65.0 67.0 70.0 1,820 1,742
2,170
Michigan ……: 60.0 62.0 69.0 2,100 1,860
2,760
Minnesota …..: 62.0 57.0 63.0 8,370 5,985
7,875
Missouri ……: 52.0 53.0 65.0 416 742
845
Montana …….: 45.0 54.0 65.0 810 1,188
1,040
Nebraska ……: 57.0 65.0 80.0 1,026 1,625
1,600
New York ……: 65.0 67.0 63.0 3,250 3,082
2,520
North Carolina : 75.0 70.0 67.0 975 910
1,139
North Dakota ..: 62.0 62.0 73.0 6,820 8,370
8,395
Ohio ……….: 56.0 63.0 63.0 2,576 1,575
2,457
:
Oklahoma ……: 45.0 38.0 38.0 450 266
380
Oregon ……..: 95.0 100.0 85.0 1,805 1,300
1,530
Pennsylvania ..: 61.0 62.0 58.0 3,965 3,100
3,480
South Carolina : 54.0 59.0 62.0 810 531
620
South Dakota ..: 68.0 77.0 93.0 3,400 9,240
9,300
Texas ………: 49.0 46.0 38.0 3,675 1,840
1,710
Utah ……….: 76.0 62.0 70.0 228 310
210
Virginia ……: 75.0 70.0 78.0 300 140
234
Washington ….: 82.0 68.0 70.0 492 340
350
Wisconsin …..: 60.0 65.0 62.0 7,800 6,825
8,680
Wyoming …….: 36.0 57.0 55.0 216 570
385
:
United States .: 61.3 64.1 67.8 64,024 64,642
70,460
——————————
———–
1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall.
Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
———–
: Area planted 1/ : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: 1,000 acres
:
Arizona …….: 48 75 36 47 69
32
California ….: 120 95 80 80 42
25
Colorado ……: 58 63 57 55 58
54
Delaware ……: 38 43 41 34 33
31
Idaho ………: 610 650 560 590 620
515
Kansas ……..: 10 17 16 7 11
10
Maine ………: 17 20 13 16 17
12
Maryland ……: 60 75 70 40 52
45
Michigan ……: 11 10 8 9 9
7
Minnesota …..: 115 90 75 100 75
60
:
Montana …….: 900 990 920 790 830
775
New York ……: 10 11 12 8 8
8
North Carolina : 23 19 20 17 14
15
North Dakota ..: 1,060 760 620 1,010 720
540
Oregon ……..: 56 63 40 53 50
30
Pennsylvania ..: 65 75 70 53 60
50
South Dakota ..: 34 37 28 22 19
17
Utah ……….: 44 40 32 26 30
20
Virginia ……: 65 72 56 37 44
28
Washington ….: 185 205 115 175 195
105
Wisconsin …..: 33 33 26 15 16
16
Wyoming …….: 75 85 80 60 68
63
:
United States .: 3,637 3,528 2,975 3,244 3,040
2,458
——————————
———–
See footnote(s) at end of table.
–continued
Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United
States:
2012-2014 (continued)
——————————
———–
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: ———- bushels ———- ——– 1,000 bushels
——–
:
Arizona …….: 105.0 118.0 125.0 4,935 8,142
4,000
California ….: 55.0 75.0 73.0 4,400 3,150
1,825
Colorado ……: 123.0 133.0 126.0 6,765 7,714
6,804
Delaware ……: 84.0 78.0 86.0 2,856 2,574
2,666
Idaho ………: 91.0 93.0 95.0 53,690 57,660
48,925
Kansas ……..: 59.0 47.0 35.0 413 517
350
Maine ………: 60.0 53.0 68.0 960 901
816
Maryland ……: 82.0 85.0 77.0 3,280 4,420
3,465
Michigan ……: 48.0 52.0 53.0 432 468
371
Minnesota …..: 57.0 69.0 52.0 5,700 5,175
3,120
:
Montana …….: 53.0 52.0 59.0 41,870 43,160
45,725
New York ……: 47.0 52.0 47.0 376 416
376
North Carolina : 63.0 67.0 71.0 1,071 938
1,065
North Dakota ..: 61.0 64.0 69.0 61,610 46,080
37,260
Oregon ……..: 72.0 70.0 50.0 3,816 3,500
1,500
Pennsylvania ..: 68.0 68.0 71.0 3,604 4,080
3,550
South Dakota ..: 36.0 54.0 52.0 792 1,026
884
Utah ……….: 80.0 78.0 86.0 2,080 2,340
1,720
Virginia ……: 82.0 82.0 79.0 3,034 3,608
2,212
Washington ….: 72.0 72.0 60.0 12,600 14,040
6,300
Wisconsin …..: 44.0 49.0 47.0 660 784
752
Wyoming …….: 89.0 89.0 107.0 5,340 6,052
6,741
:
United States .: 67.9 71.3 73.4 220,284 216,745
180,427
——————————
———–
1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall.
All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
———–
: Area planted 1/ : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: 1,000 acres
:
Alabama …….: 220 310 255 190 285
225
Arizona …….: 115 87 81 112 84
79
Arkansas ……: 550 680 465 450 610
395
California ….: 750 690 495 445 394
215
Colorado ……: 2,363 2,310 2,759 2,182 1,639
2,358
Delaware ……: 85 85 80 80 78
75
Florida …….: 20 25 15 15 19
10
Georgia …….: 290 430 300 230 360
230
Idaho ………: 1,313 1,321 1,271 1,253 1,261
1,196
Illinois ……: 660 880 740 645 840
670
:
Indiana …….: 350 460 390 300 435
335
Iowa ……….: 18 30 26 13 21
15
Kansas ……..: 9,400 9,500 9,600 9,000 8,450
8,800
Kentucky ……: 580 700 630 470 610
510
Louisiana …..: 285 265 160 275 255
150
Maryland ……: 310 345 340 210 260
250
Michigan ……: 570 620 570 540 590
485
Minnesota …..: 1,390 1,227 1,262 1,347 1,184
1,212
Mississippi …: 370 400 230 345 385
215
Missouri ……: 790 1,080 880 690 985
740
:
Montana …….: 5,800 5,400 5,985 5,615 5,165
5,660
Nebraska ……: 1,380 1,470 1,550 1,300 1,140
1,450
Nevada ……..: 26 31 21 13 15
10
New Jersey ….: 33 34 33 27 29
25
New Mexico ….: 450 440 380 90 100
105
New York ……: 100 125 120 85 115
95
North Carolina : 830 990 830 750 925
770
North Dakota ..: 7,840 6,105 7,960 7,760 6,025
7,565
Ohio ……….: 500 660 620 450 640
545
Oklahoma ……: 5,400 5,600 5,300 4,300 3,400
2,800
:
Oregon ……..: 885 880 830 878 868
818
Pennsylvania ..: 165 185 185 145 155
150
South Carolina : 235 280 230 220 265
220
South Dakota ..: 2,405 2,494 2,514 2,235 1,839
2,364
Tennessee …..: 420 640 530 340 575
475
Texas ………: 5,700 6,300 6,000 3,000 2,350
2,250
Utah ……….: 155 138 130 137 124
117
Virginia ……: 280 335 290 240 290
260
Washington ….: 2,210 2,210 2,320 2,175 2,175
2,250
West Virginia .: 8 9 10 4 7
7
Wisconsin …..: 265 315 295 245 265
250
Wyoming …….: 150 150 140 120 120
125
:
United States .: 55,666 56,236 56,822 48,921 45,332
46,476
:
——————————
———–
See footnote(s) at end of table.
–continued
All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014 (continued)
——————————
———–
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: ———- bushels ———- ——— 1,000 bushels
———
:
Alabama …….: 59.0 69.0 69.0 11,210 19,665
15,525
Arizona …….: 93.9 99.4 110.0 10,520 8,348
8,692
Arkansas ……: 55.0 62.0 63.0 24,750 37,820
24,885
California ….: 91.1 82.5 84.1 40,525 32,500
18,075
Colorado ……: 34.3 25.3 38.1 74,848 41,488
89,812
Delaware ……: 74.0 64.0 72.0 5,920 4,992
5,400
Florida …….: 41.0 59.0 39.0 615 1,121
390
Georgia …….: 49.0 60.0 49.0 11,270 21,600
11,270
Idaho ………: 78.2 82.2 78.4 98,006 103,592
93,717
Illinois ……: 63.0 67.0 67.0 40,635 56,280
44,890
:
Indiana …….: 67.0 73.0 76.0 20,100 31,755
25,460
Iowa ……….: 53.0 52.0 49.0 689 1,092
735
Kansas ……..: 42.0 38.0 28.0 378,000 321,100
246,400
Kentucky ……: 62.0 75.0 71.0 29,140 45,750
36,210
Louisiana …..: 49.0 58.0 62.0 13,475 14,790
9,300
Maryland ……: 68.0 67.0 70.0 14,280 17,420
17,500
Michigan ……: 76.0 75.0 74.0 41,040 44,250
35,890
Minnesota …..: 56.9 56.7 54.8 76,705 67,152
66,468
Mississippi …: 57.0 58.0 58.0 19,665 22,330
12,470
Missouri ……: 57.0 57.0 58.0 39,330 56,145
42,920
:
Montana …….: 34.8 39.0 37.7 195,590 201,635
213,240
Nebraska ……: 41.0 35.0 49.0 53,300 39,900
71,050
Nevada ……..: 75.9 87.0 105.0 987 1,305
1,050
New Jersey ….: 56.0 54.0 53.0 1,512 1,566
1,325
New Mexico ….: 27.0 44.0 28.0 2,430 4,400
2,940
New York ……: 63.0 68.0 63.0 5,355 7,820
5,985
North Carolina : 57.0 57.0 58.0 42,750 52,725
44,660
North Dakota ..: 43.7 45.4 46.5 339,210 273,343
351,970
Ohio ……….: 69.0 70.0 74.0 31,050 44,800
40,330
Oklahoma ……: 36.0 31.0 17.0 154,800 105,400
47,600
:
Oregon ……..: 65.6 62.1 54.3 57,576 53,904
44,444
Pennsylvania ..: 65.0 68.0 65.0 9,425 10,540
9,750
South Carolina : 53.0 54.0 52.0 11,660 14,310
11,440
South Dakota ..: 45.8 42.2 55.5 102,435 77,558
131,260
Tennessee …..: 63.0 71.0 66.0 21,420 40,825
31,350
Texas ………: 32.0 29.0 30.0 96,000 68,150
67,500
Utah ……….: 45.4 44.2 50.3 6,224 5,484
5,882
Virginia ……: 65.0 62.0 68.0 15,600 17,980
17,680
Washington ….: 67.3 66.9 48.2 146,345 145,530
108,460
West Virginia .: 65.0 52.0 64.0 260 364
448
Wisconsin …..: 75.0 58.0 65.0 18,375 15,370
16,250
Wyoming …….: 25.0 24.0 38.0 3,000 2,880
4,750
:
United States .: 46.3 47.1 43.8 2,266,027 2,134,979
2,035,373
:
——————————
———–
1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall.
Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
———–
: Area planted 1/ : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: 1,000 acres
:
Alabama …….: 220 310 255 190 285
225
Arizona …….: 10 12 8 8 10
7
Arkansas ……: 550 680 465 450 610
395
California ….: 610 620 460 310 345
180
Colorado ……: 2,350 2,300 2,750 2,170 1,630
2,350
Delaware ……: 85 85 80 80 78
75
Florida …….: 20 25 15 15 19
10
Georgia …….: 290 430 300 230 360
230
Idaho ………: 780 780 780 740 740
730
Illinois ……: 660 880 740 645 840
670
:
Indiana …….: 350 460 390 300 435
335
Iowa ……….: 18 30 26 13 21
15
Kansas ……..: 9,400 9,500 9,600 9,000 8,450
8,800
Kentucky ……: 580 700 630 470 610
510
Louisiana …..: 285 265 160 275 255
150
Maryland ……: 310 345 340 210 260
250
Michigan ……: 570 620 570 540 590
485
Minnesota …..: 40 27 42 37 24
32
Mississippi …: 370 400 230 345 385
215
Missouri ……: 790 1,080 880 690 985
740
:
Montana …….: 2,300 2,000 2,500 2,170 1,900
2,240
Nebraska ……: 1,380 1,470 1,550 1,300 1,140
1,450
Nevada ……..: 20 23 15 11 12
9
New Jersey ….: 33 34 33 27 29
25
New Mexico ….: 450 440 380 90 100
105
New York ……: 100 125 120 85 115
95
North Carolina : 830 990 830 750 925
770
North Dakota ..: 750 215 870 730 200
555
Ohio ……….: 500 660 620 450 640
545
Oklahoma ……: 5,400 5,600 5,300 4,300 3,400
2,800
:
Oregon ……..: 790 790 750 785 780
740
Pennsylvania ..: 165 185 185 145 155
150
South Carolina : 235 280 230 220 265
220
South Dakota ..: 1,320 1,300 1,210 1,210 670
1,080
Tennessee …..: 420 640 530 340 575
475
Texas ………: 5,700 6,300 6,000 3,000 2,350
2,250
Utah ……….: 140 120 120 124 110
109
Virginia ……: 280 335 290 240 290
260
Washington ….: 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,670 1,670
1,640
West Virginia .: 8 9 10 4 7
7
Wisconsin …..: 265 315 295 245 265
250
Wyoming …….: 150 150 140 120 120
125
:
United States .: 41,224 43,230 42,399 34,734 32,650
32,304
——————————
———–
See footnote(s) at end of table.
–continued
Winter Wheat Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States:
2012-2014 (continued)
——————————
———–
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: ———- bushels ———- ——— 1,000 bushels
———
:
Alabama …….: 59.0 69.0 69.0 11,210 19,665
15,525
Arizona …….: 80.0 80.0 100.0 640 800
700
Arkansas ……: 55.0 62.0 63.0 24,750 37,820
24,885
California ….: 85.0 80.0 80.0 26,350 27,600
14,400
Colorado ……: 34.0 25.0 38.0 73,780 40,750
89,300
Delaware ……: 74.0 64.0 72.0 5,920 4,992
5,400
Florida …….: 41.0 59.0 39.0 615 1,121
390
Georgia …….: 49.0 60.0 49.0 11,270 21,600
11,270
Idaho ………: 80.0 86.0 80.0 59,200 63,640
58,400
Illinois ……: 63.0 67.0 67.0 40,635 56,280
44,890
:
Indiana …….: 67.0 73.0 76.0 20,100 31,755
25,460
Iowa ……….: 53.0 52.0 49.0 689 1,092
735
Kansas ……..: 42.0 38.0 28.0 378,000 321,100
246,400
Kentucky ……: 62.0 75.0 71.0 29,140 45,750
36,210
Louisiana …..: 49.0 58.0 62.0 13,475 14,790
9,300
Maryland ……: 68.0 67.0 70.0 14,280 17,420
17,500
Michigan ……: 76.0 75.0 74.0 41,040 44,250
35,890
Minnesota …..: 55.0 43.0 49.0 2,035 1,032
1,568
Mississippi …: 57.0 58.0 58.0 19,665 22,330
12,470
Missouri ……: 57.0 57.0 58.0 39,330 56,145
42,920
:
Montana …….: 39.0 43.0 41.0 84,630 81,700
91,840
Nebraska ……: 41.0 35.0 49.0 53,300 39,900
71,050
Nevada ……..: 77.0 90.0 110.0 847 1,080
990
New Jersey ….: 56.0 54.0 53.0 1,512 1,566
1,325
New Mexico ….: 27.0 44.0 28.0 2,430 4,400
2,940
New York ……: 63.0 68.0 63.0 5,355 7,820
5,985
North Carolina : 57.0 57.0 58.0 42,750 52,725
44,660
North Dakota ..: 55.0 43.0 49.0 40,150 8,600
27,195
Ohio ……….: 69.0 70.0 74.0 31,050 44,800
40,330
Oklahoma ……: 36.0 31.0 17.0 154,800 105,400
47,600
:
Oregon ……..: 66.0 62.0 55.0 51,810 48,360
40,700
Pennsylvania ..: 65.0 68.0 65.0 9,425 10,540
9,750
South Carolina : 53.0 54.0 52.0 11,660 14,310
11,440
South Dakota ..: 50.0 39.0 55.0 60,500 26,130
59,400
Tennessee …..: 63.0 71.0 66.0 21,420 40,825
31,350
Texas ………: 32.0 29.0 30.0 96,000 68,150
67,500
Utah ……….: 46.0 44.0 50.0 5,704 4,840
5,450
Virginia ……: 65.0 62.0 68.0 15,600 17,980
17,680
Washington ….: 71.0 69.0 52.0 118,570 115,230
85,280
West Virginia .: 65.0 52.0 64.0 260 364
448
Wisconsin …..: 75.0 58.0 65.0 18,375 15,370
16,250
Wyoming …….: 25.0 24.0 38.0 3,000 2,880
4,750
:
United States .: 47.3 47.3 42.6 1,641,272 1,542,902
1,377,526
——————————
———–
1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall.
Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production –
States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
———-
: Area planted : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———-
: 1,000 acres
:
Colorado …..: 13 10 9 12 9
8
Idaho ……..: 520 530 480 500 510
455
Minnesota ….: 1,350 1,200 1,220 1,310 1,160
1,180
Montana ……: 2,950 2,950 3,050 2,900 2,830
2,990
Nevada …….: 6 8 6 2 3
1
North Dakota .: 5,750 5,100 6,250 5,700 5,060
6,190
Oregon …….: 95 90 80 93 88
78
South Dakota .: 1,080 1,190 1,300 1,020 1,165
1,280
Utah ………: 15 18 10 13 14
8
Washington …: 510 510 620 505 505
610
:
United States : 12,289 11,606 13,025 12,055 11,344
12,800
——————————
———-
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———-
: ———- bushels ——— ——– 1,000 bushels
——–
:
Colorado …..: 89.0 82.0 64.0 1,068 738
512
Idaho ……..: 76.0 77.0 76.0 38,000 39,270
34,580
Minnesota ….: 57.0 57.0 55.0 74,670 66,120
64,900
Montana ……: 33.0 37.0 36.0 95,700 104,710
107,640
Nevada …….: 70.0 75.0 60.0 140 225
60
North Dakota .: 45.0 46.5 47.5 256,500 235,290
294,025
Oregon …….: 62.0 63.0 48.0 5,766 5,544
3,744
South Dakota .: 41.0 44.0 56.0 41,820 51,260
71,680
Utah ………: 40.0 46.0 54.0 520 644
432
Washington …: 55.0 60.0 38.0 27,775 30,300
23,180
:
United States : 45.0 47.1 46.9 541,959 534,101
600,753
——————————
———-
Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
———-
: Area planted : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———-
: 1,000 acres
:
Arizona ……: 105 75 73 104 74
72
California …: 140 70 35 135 49
35
Idaho ……..: 13 11 11 13 11
11
Montana ……: 550 450 435 545 435
430
North Dakota .: 1,340 790 840 1,330 765
820
South Dakota .: 5 4 4 5 4
4
:
United States : 2,153 1,400 1,398 2,132 1,338
1,372
——————————
———-
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———-
: ———- bushels ———- ——– 1,000 bushels
——-
:
Arizona ……: 95.0 102.0 111.0 9,880 7,548
7,992
California …: 105.0 100.0 105.0 14,175 4,900
3,675
Idaho ……..: 62.0 62.0 67.0 806 682
737
Montana ……: 28.0 35.0 32.0 15,260 15,225
13,760
North Dakota .: 32.0 38.5 37.5 42,560 29,453
30,750
South Dakota .: 23.0 42.0 45.0 115 168
180
:
United States : 38.8 43.3 41.6 82,796 57,976
57,094
——————————
———-
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2012-2014
[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including
both surveys and administrative data]
——————————
: : :
Crop : 2012 : 2013 : 2014
——————————
: 1,000 bushels
:
Winter :
Hard red ……: 1,000,005 747,373 737,937
Soft red ……: 419,801 568,481 455,297
Hard white ….: 13,171 11,060 11,490
Soft white ….: 208,295 215,988 172,802
:
Spring :
Hard red ……: 504,520 490,629 561,258
Hard white ….: 8,465 10,525 8,943
Soft white ….: 28,974 32,947 30,552
Durum ………: 82,796 57,976 57,094
:
Total …… : 2,266,027 2,134,979 2,035,373
——————————
Wheat Class Percentage Estimates
The following percentages are the basis for the United States wheat
production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the
latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season
percentages will be used during the 2015 forecast season. However, if an
unusual situation significantly distorts a State’s usual distribution, then
updated percentages will be used to forecast the production by class.
Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class – States: 2013 and 2014
——————————
———–
State : Hard red : Soft red : Hard white :
Soft white
:—————————–
: 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014 : 2013
: 2014
——————————
———–
: percent
:
Alabama …….: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Arizona …….: 60 56 – – 40 43 –
1
Arkansas ……: 1 – 99 100 – – –
–
California ….: 89 89 – – 8 7 3
4
Colorado ……: 95 95 – – 5 5 –
–
Delaware ……: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Florida …….: – 4 100 96 – – –
–
Georgia …….: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Idaho ………: 21 22 – – – – 79
78
Illinois ……: – – 100 100 – – –
–
:
Indiana …….: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Iowa ……….: 56 56 44 41 – 2 –
1
Kansas ……..: 98 97 – 1 2 2 –
–
Kentucky ……: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Louisiana …..: – – 100 99 – – –
1
Maryland ……: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Michigan ……: – – 68 69 – – 32
31
Minnesota …..: 100 99 – – – 1 –
–
Mississippi …: – 2 100 98 – – –
–
Missouri ……: 2 1 98 99 – – –
–
:
Montana …….: 100 100 – – – – –
–
Nebraska ……: 100 99 – – – 1 –
–
Nevada ……..: – – – – – – 100
100
New Jersey ….: – – 100 100 – – –
–
New Mexico ….: 99 100 – – 1 – –
–
New York ……: 3 3 87 88 – – 10
9
North Carolina : – – 100 100 – – –
–
North Dakota ..: 100 100 – – – – –
–
Ohio ……….: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Oklahoma ……: 99 99 1 1 – – –
–
:
Oregon ……..: 5 6 – – – – 95
94
Pennsylvania ..: 1 1 98 98 – – 1
1
South Carolina : – – 100 100 – – –
–
South Dakota ..: 100 100 – – – – –
–
Tennessee …..: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Texas ………: 94 94 6 6 – – –
–
Utah ……….: 74 75 – – – – 26
25
Virginia ……: – – 100 100 – – –
–
Washington ….: 12 13 – – – – 88
87
West Virginia .: 3 2 97 98 – – –
–
Wisconsin …..: 2 3 97 97 – – 1
–
Wyoming …….: 99 99 – – 1 1 –
–
——————————
———–
– Represents zero.
Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class –
States:
2013 and 2014
——————————
———–
: Hard red : Hard white : Soft
white
State
:—————————–
: 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
———–
: percent
:
Colorado ……: 57 69 27 23 16
8
Idaho ………: 45 40 23 22 32
38
Minnesota …..: 100 100 – – –
–
Montana …….: 100 100 – – –
–
Nevada ……..: – – – – 100
100
North Dakota ..: 100 100 – – –
–
Oregon ……..: 37 32 1 1 62
67
South Dakota ..: 100 100 – – –
–
Utah ……….: 59 49 4 5 37
46
Washington ….: 42 32 4 5 54
63
——————————
———–
– Represents zero.
Winter Wheat Head Population
The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield
surveys in 10 winter wheat estimating States during 2014. Randomly selected
plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest
to
obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field
counts from this survey.
Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2010-2014
——————————
—-
State : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2014
——————————
—-
: number
:
Colorado :
July ………….: 47.3 45.3 41.0 32.1 42.4
August ………..: 48.6 45.0 41.0 31.9 43.2
Final …………: 48.6 45.0 41.0 31.9 43.4
:
Illinois :
July ………….: 44.5 60.0 56.5 60.9 63.5
August ………..: 44.5 60.1 56.5 61.2 63.7
Final …………: 44.5 60.1 56.5 61.2 63.7
:
Kansas :
July ………….: 44.6 42.2 46.5 50.4 36.4
August ………..: 44.6 42.2 46.7 50.4 36.4
Final …………: 44.6 42.2 46.7 50.4 36.4
:
Missouri :
July ………….: 39.8 50.7 49.9 54.6 51.2
August ………..: 39.2 48.9 49.9 55.8 50.9
Final …………: 39.2 48.9 49.9 55.8 50.9
:
Montana :
July ………….: 44.7 44.3 44.1 43.7 43.4
August ………..: 44.7 46.7 44.7 45.1 44.2
Final …………: 45.0 46.9 45.0 45.1 44.2
:
Nebraska :
July ………….: 47.1 54.3 50.7 38.5 48.2
August ………..: 48.1 54.6 50.7 38.8 48.2
Final …………: 48.1 54.6 50.7 38.8 48.2
:
Ohio :
July ………….: 62.1 56.1 58.3 53.0 58.8
August ………..: 62.1 56.2 58.3 54.0 58.4
Final …………: 62.1 56.2 58.3 54.0 58.4
:
Oklahoma :
July ………….: 36.5 37.7 47.7 51.7 34.9
August ………..: 36.5 37.7 47.7 51.7 34.9
Final …………: 36.5 37.7 47.7 51.7 34.9
:
Texas :
July ………….: 35.9 32.7 34.3 33.3 32.8
August ………..: 35.9 32.8 34.3 33.3 32.8
Final …………: 35.9 32.9 34.3 33.0 33.1
:
Washington :
July ………….: 40.2 41.3 37.3 38.0 32.3
August ………..: 39.2 41.5 36.6 38.6 32.1
Final …………: 39.2 41.4 36.9 38.6 32.3
——————————
—-
Rye Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and
United States: 2012-2014
——————————
——
: Area planted 1/ : Area harvested
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
——
: 1,000 acres
:
Georgia ……..: 230 190 170 25 40
20
Oklahoma …….: 250 260 240 60 80
55
:
Other States 2/ : 820 1,001 1,024 163 158
183
:
United States ..: 1,300 1,451 1,434 248 278
258
——————————
——
: Yield : Production
State
:—————————–
: 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2012 : 2013 :
2014
——————————
——
: ——— bushels ——– —— 1,000 bushels
——
:
Georgia ……..: 22.0 27.0 27.0 550 1,080
540
Oklahoma …….: 21.0 20.0 9.0 1,260 1,600
495
:
Other States 2/ : 31.5 31.3 33.6 5,134 4,946
6,154
:
United States ..: 28.0 27.4 27.9 6,944 7,626
7,189
——————————
——
1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall.
2/ Other States include Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New
York,
North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina,
South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin.
Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production
in
Domestic Units – United States: 2013-2014
——————————
—-
: Area planted : Area harvested
Crop
:—————————–
: 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014
——————————
—-
: 1,000 acres
:
Barley ………: 3,528 2,975 3,040 2,458
Oats ………..: 2,980 2,723 1,009 1,039
Rye …………: 1,451 1,434 278 258
Wheat, all …..: 56,236 56,822 45,332 46,476
Winter ……..: 43,230 42,399 32,650 32,304
Durum ………: 1,400 1,398 1,338 1,372
Other spring ..: 11,606 13,025 11,344 12,800
——————————
: Yield per acre : Production
Crop :—————————–
: 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014
——————————
: —– bushels —– —– 1,000 bushels —-
:
Barley ……..: 71.3 73.4 216,745 180,427
Oats ……….: 64.1 67.8 64,642 70,460
Rye ………..: 27.4 27.9 7,626 7,189
Wheat, all ….: 47.1 43.8 2,134,979 2,035,373
Winter …….: 47.3 42.6 1,542,902 1,377,526
Durum ……..: 43.3 41.6 57,976 57,094
Other spring .: 47.1 46.9 534,101 600,753
——————————
Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and
Production in Metric Units – United States: 2013-2014
——————————
: Area planted : Area harvested
Crop :—————————–
: 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014
——————————
: hectares
:
Barley ……..: 1,427,750 1,203,950 1,230,260 994,730
Oats ……….: 1,205,980 1,101,970 408,330 420,470
Rye ………..: 587,210 580,330 112,500 104,410
Wheat, all ….: 22,758,150 22,995,300 18,345,410 18,808,370
Winter …….: 17,494,750 17,158,450 13,213,130 13,073,110
Durum ……..: 566,570 565,760 541,480 555,230
Other spring .: 4,696,830 5,271,090 4,590,800 5,180,030
——————————
: Yield per hectare : Production
Crop :—————————–
: 2013 : 2014 : 2013 : 2014
——————————
: metric tons
:
Barley ……..: 3.89 3.95 4,719,070 3,928,330
Oats ……….: 2.25 2.43 938,280 1,022,720
Rye ………..: 1.72 1.75 193,710 182,610
Wheat, all ….: 3.18 2.95 58,104,610 55,393,780
Winter …….: 3.20 2.87 41,990,910 37,490,110
Durum ……..: 2.74 2.80 1,577,850 1,553,840
Other spring .: 3.17 3.16 14,535,850 16,349,820
——————————
Crop Comments
Oats: The 2014 production is estimated at 70.5 million bushels, up 9 percent
from the revised 2013 total but represents the fourth lowest production on
record. Yield is estimated at 67.8 bushels per acre, up 3.7 bushels from the
previous year. Harvested area, at 1.04 million acres, is 3 percent above
last
year. This is the third lowest acreage harvested for grain on record. Record
low acres were harvested in California, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, and Utah.
Favorable growing conditions in the Northern Great Plains and the Ohio
Valley
promoted significant yield increases compared with 2013. Drought conditions
in Texas led to a large decline in yield from last year. Record high yields
are estimated in Alabama, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota,
South Dakota, and Virginia. During early spring, planting and emergence of
the oat crop was behind the normal pace. By April 13, producers Nationwide
had sown 9 percent of this year’s oat crop, 29 percentage points behind last
year and 38 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Despite more
favorable conditions during the middle of the April, which led to planting
progress advancing 22 percentage points in Iowa and 39 percentage points in
Nebraska during the week ending April 20, National progress remained well
behind normal by the end of April. Forty percent of this year’s oat crop was
seeded by May 4, sixteen percentage points behind last year and 31
percentage
points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was furthest behind in
the upper Midwest, 45 percentage points behind the 5-year average in
Minnesota and 41 percentage points behind normal in Wisconsin. Throughout
June, crop development remained behind normal in most major oat-producing
States. As of June 29, sixty-nine percent of the oat acreage was headed,
4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By the beginning of August,
40 percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 9 percentage points behind the
normal pace. By August 31, eighty percent of the oat acreage was harvested,
13 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Barley: Production is estimated at 180 million bushels, down 17 percent from
the revised 2013 total. Average yield per acre, at 73.4 bushels, is up
2.1 bushels from the previous year and represents a record high for the
United States. Producers seeded 2.98 million acres in 2014, down 16 percent
from last year. Harvested area, at 2.46 million acres, is down 19 percent
from 2013.
Barley seeding was ahead of normal in Idaho by mid-April, while poor field
conditions delayed progress in Minnesota and North Dakota. By May 4, seeding
Nationwide had advanced to 46 percent complete, 4 percentage points ahead of
last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Barley
seeding
continued to advance ahead of the normal pace in Montana and the Pacific
Northwest throughout May. By May 18, thirty-seven percent of the crop had
emerged, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but 3 percentage points
behind the five-year average. Nationwide, 93 percent of the barley crop was
seeded by June 1, eleven percentage points ahead of last year and
4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 22, a majority of
the crop had reached the heading stage in Idaho and Washington, while the
crop had just begun heading in Minnesota and North Dakota. Seventeen percent
of the Nation’s barley crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 22,
slightly ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Overall, 68 percent of the barley crop was reported in good to
excellent condition on June 29, equal to the same time in 2013. Harvest had
begun in the Pacific Northwest by the middle of the July. By August 3,
twelve percent of the barley crop was harvested in Idaho, 34 percent was
harvested in Oregon, and 20 percent was harvested in Washington. In the
middle of August, rain was increasing the level of disease and mold in many
barley fields in Idaho, with barley sprouting in the heads decreasing the
quality of the crop. By August 31, fifty-eight percent of the barley crop
was
harvested, 15 percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. Barley rated in the good to excellent categories
dropped 14 percentage points over the month of August, reported at 52
percent
on August 31. By September 14, ninety-one percent of the barley crop was
harvested, 4 percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the
5-year average.
Winter wheat: Winter wheat production for 2014 totaled 1.38 billion bushels,
down 11 percent from the revised 2013 total. The United States yield, at
42.6 bushels per acre, is down 4.7 bushels from 2013. Area harvested for
grain is estimated at 32.3 million acres, down 1 percent from the previous
year.
Planted acres were up from 2013 in most of the major Hard Red Winter (HRW)
growing States. Particularly large acreage increases occurred in Colorado,
Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, and North Dakota. Conversely, Oklahoma and Texas
had large decreases in planted acres from the previous year. Harvested acres
were up across the HRW region, with large increases in Colorado, Kansas,
Montana, Nebraska, and the Dakotas. A record high yield is estimated in
Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wyoming. Nationally, HRW production totaled
738 million bushels, down 1 percent from 2013.
In the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area, planted and harvested acreage
decreases from 2013 were experienced throughout the region. Record high
yields were realized in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. SRW
production
totaled 455 million bushels, down 20 percent from 2013.
White winter production totaled 184 million bushels, down 19 percent from
the
previous year. Harvested acreage in the Pacific Northwest (Idaho, Oregon,
and
Washington) was below what was harvested in 2013. Yields were also down from
last year in all Pacific Northwest States.
Other spring wheat: Production for 2014 is estimated at 601 million bushels,
up 12 percent from the revised 2013 total. Harvested area totaled
12.8 million acres, up 13 percent from last year. The United States yield is
estimated at 46.9 bushels per acre, down slightly from last year. Of the
total production, 561 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, up
14 percent from last year. Record high yields are estimated in the Dakotas.
By May 4, producers had sown 26 percent of the spring wheat crop,
5 percentage points ahead of last year but 15 percentage points behind the
5-year average. Following the trend of other small grains, planting progress
started the month well behind normal but caught up to the 5-year average by
the end of the month in most estimating States. Delays in planting progress
were most evident in Minnesota and North Dakota, where producers were not
able to make significant planting progress until mid-month. Nationally,
producers had sown 88 percent of the spring wheat crop by June 1,
eight percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average.
Forty-seven percent of the spring wheat was at or beyond the heading stage
by
July 6, six percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year
average. Spring wheat progress remained well ahead of normal in the Pacific
Northwest but behind the 5-year average pace in the Northern Great Plains.
Thirty-eight percent of the spring wheat crop was harvested by August 31,
twenty-three percentage points behind last year and 27 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. At the end of the month, spring wheat harvest in
Minnesota was nearly 3 weeks behind the 5-year average.
Durum wheat: Production for 2014 is estimated at 57.1 million bushels, down
2 percent from the revised 2013 total. Grain area harvested totaled
1.37 million acres, up 3 percent from the previous year. The United States
yield is estimated at 41.6 bushels per acre, down 1.7 bushels from 2013.
Production in North Dakota, the largest Durum-producing State, is up
4 percent from last year. A record high yield is estimated in South Dakota.
Due to excessive moisture this season, crop development has progressed
significantly behind normal in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest
Durum-producing States. As a result, harvest progress in North Dakota and
Montana as of August 31 was well behind last year and the 5-year average.
Rye: Production for 2014 is estimated at 7.19 million bushels, down 6
percent
from the revised 2013 total. Harvested area totaled 258,000 acres, down
20,000 acres from 2013. The United States yield, at 27.9 bushels per acre,
is
up 0.5 bushel from the previous year. Drier weather conditions in the
Southern Great Plains and the Southeast led to decreases in harvested acres
from a year earlier.
Statistical Methodology
Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted
to gather information on small grain acreage, yield, and production. The
objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for over
60 percent of the 2014 winter wheat production. Early in the growing season,
farm operators were interviewed to seek permission to randomly locate two
sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. Throughout the growing season,
counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged
heads were collected from these plots. The plots were revisited each month
until crop maturity when the heads were clipped, threshed, and weighed.
After
the farm operator harvested the sample field, enumerators revisited the
sample to obtain harvesting loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use
of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. Approximately 66,000 producers
were interviewed between August 24 and September 16 and asked questions
pertaining to planted and harvested area as well as yield and production.
Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower
reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with
historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared with previous years. Each Regional Field
Office submits an estimate and written analysis for their State to the
Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data,
administrative data, and the State analysis to prepare the estimates
published in this report.
Revision Policy: Estimates contained in this report may be revised in the
Crop Production Annual Summary report published in January should new
information become available. Previous year acreage, yield, and production
estimates can be revised in the Small Grain Summary published the following
year, if new information is available that would justify a change. Estimates
will also be reviewed after data for the 5-year Census of Agriculture are
available. No revisions will be made after that date.
Reliability: The surveys used to make the acreage, yield, and production
estimates contained in this report are subject to sampling and non-sampling
type errors that are common to all surveys. Reliability of the objective
yield and farmer survey must be treated separately because the survey
designs
for the two surveys are different. The objective yield indications are
subject to sampling variability because all acres of winter wheat are not
included in the sample.
The farm operator survey indications are also subject to sampling
variability
because all operations with small grains are not included in the sample.
This
variability, as measured by the relative standard error at the National
level, is approximately 1.4 percent for winter wheat, 4.7 percent for Durum
wheat, and 2.9 percent for other spring wheat. This means that chances are
approximately 95 out of 100 that survey estimates for production will be
within plus or minus 2.8 percent for winter wheat, 9.4 percent for Durum
wheat, and 5.8 percent for other spring wheat of the value that could be
developed by averaging the estimates produced from all possible samples
selected from the same population and surveyed using the same procedures.
The
relative standard errors for barley, oats and rye are 3.3, 3.8, and
8.7 percent, respectively.
Survey indications are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omission,
duplication, imputation for missing data, and mistakes in reporting,
recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured
directly,
but they are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection
process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and
reasonableness.
Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the
National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional
information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch……………………
Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section…………… (202) 720-2127
Brent Chittenden – Oats, Rye, Wheat………………. (202) 720-8068
Angie Considine – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum…. (202) 720-5944
Tony Dahlman – Crop Weather, Barley………………. (202) 720-7621
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet……… (202) 720-9526
James Johanson – County Estimates, Hay……………. (202) 690-8533
Anthony Prillaman – Peanuts, Rice………………… (202) 720-2127
Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds.. (202) 720-7369
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